There's little data documenting the number of social . By John G. Turner. For instance, during his time with Zion's Camp, cholera swept among the men and he watched "other men die like flies, but his own life was spared" ("Brigham Young on Life and Death"). Brigham Young led one of the largest group migrations in American historyover 12,000 peopleto Salt Lake City, Utah. In early 1846, Young and an advance group began an arduous journey some 1,300 miles across the plains and over the Rocky Mountains. Pres. Young considered all of the United States culpable for the death of Joseph Smith, and added an oath of vengeance to the Mormon temple endowment: You and each of you do covenant and promise that you will pray and never cease to pray to Almighty God to avenge the blood of the prophets upon this nation, and that you will teach the same to your children and to your childrens children unto the third and fourth generation.. True West asked the authors of both books to lay out their claims. Historian D. Michael Quinn succinctly describes Youngs actions shortly after the massacre: Apostle Wilford Woodruff, the official church historian, recorded that when Young first visited the mass burial site, he said that the memorial plaque should read: Vengeance is mine and I have taken a little.. Pissy Hastens 02. Prosecutors in New York City are investigating an incident in which a jazz musician said his 14-year-old son was attacked by a woman who falsely accused him of taking her iPhone. The victims bodies were stripped naked and left to rot in the open air. You must not meddle with them. His sisters were: Nancy Young Kent Fanny Young Murray Rhoda Young Green Nabby Young (who died young) Susannah Young Little Louisa. President Brigham Young ordained his 11-year-old son John Willard Young as an apostle shortly after John received his temple endowment, though John never joined the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles. Jun 2021 - Present1 year 10 months. They looted and gutted shops and set fire to numerous homes, stores, and government buildings until nearly all homes in Daviess County not owned by Mormons were destroyed. Was brigham young stabbed by a son named Phineas? That admonition includes charging Brigham Young with crimes that he did not commit. (She also established from the most impeccable Mormon sources that Brigham Young had obstructed a murder investigation for 18 years, which made him guilty of felony murder.). He was ordained king and priest by the Council of Fifty, and acted accordingly. After Cowdery was excommunicated from the church in 1838, Young wrote him several letters pleading with him to come back into the church. (Above) John D. Lee sits on his coffin moments before being executed for reportedly ordering the Mountain Meadows attack. Likewise, John D. Lee, the only man convicted of the murders, was repeatedly offered leniency in exchange for incriminating Youngthe last offer was made just moments before his execution. While the church leaders temper and strong words at the pulpit earned him a reputation for coercion, in truth, those who knew him best often spoke of his caution and his abhorrence of bloodshed. Rather than provide them with what they wanted, Lee chose to die like a man then [than] to live a villain.. There are two ways to interpret the evidence about who ordered the brutal murder of 120 men, women and children at a remote Utah oasis on the road to California on September 11, 1857. Ron Walker is one of the three Mormon historians writing the upcoming rebuttal to be published by Oxford University Press. When they turned up at the Smithsonian Institute in the 1920s, they were returned to the Mormon Church. The last known version, the one in which he saw both God and Jesus, is the version contained in the Mormon book of scriptures known as the Pearl of Great Price and is the version taught both to the Latter-day Saint faithful and those considering converting to the faith. In this period, militia leaders at Cedar City and at Mountain Meadows changed their minds several times whether the killing should go forward. Phineas' wife Clarissa was also baptized about this same time. What type of electrical charge does a proton have? On April 15, 1832, Young and his brother John were baptized into the Latter Day Saint Church of Christ. The Center also supported student training for life-long temple and family history service. It misfired six times, and he then pointed it at a post and all six shots discharged properly" (Remembering Joseph" by Mark L. McConkie, 73-74). Young, himself, was subjected to house arrest for several weeks in 1872 and jailed briefly in March 1875. An early convert to Mormonism, Brigham Young succeeded founder Joseph Smith as the president of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in 1847; he led the church until his death in 1877. The two main contenders were James Jesse Strang and Brigham Young. Not historical conspiracies created by authors speculating about the past. Director Henry Hathaway Writers Louis Bromfield Lamar Trotti (screenplay) Stars Tyrone Power Linda Darnell Dean Jagger Witnesses later testified about Haslams dramatic arrival in Salt Lake City, the writing of the letter and its dispatch South. After a 500 mile round trip journey, militiamen received this response on Sept 13, two days too late to prevent the massacre. History is often presented to young students within a single interpretative framework with little suggestion of the existence of alternative historical interpretations. Isaac Haights stake high council opposed the attack, and sent a messenger to Salt Lake City for Youngs advice on September 6. Even on the day of the slaughter, couriers were reportedly hurrying from Cedar City30 miles to the eastto call it off. He was replaced as governor the following year by Alfred Cumming. They are also among a cadre of doctors across the country who are confronting mounting intimidation on social media, and threats of violence. While it started with a small group of adherents, many historians regard read more, The political and religious leader Roger Williams (c. 1603?-1683) is best known for founding the state of Rhode Island and advocating separation of church and state in Colonial America. "I felt it was important to share. It is alarming to see how intensely and openly the family is under attack in contemporary society. He was removed from his post but, when Rigdon was still Smiths second-in-command, his input helped shape much of Mormon theology and he also gave the majority of important sermons to the earliest Mormon congregations. Since John Willard was ordained at such a young age, after the death of President Lorenzo Snow, he would have become the next president of the Church instead of President Joseph Fielding Smith. October 11, 1973. What are the 4 major sources of law in Zimbabwe? . However, church president Joseph Smith insisted that his brother William Smith be selected in place of Young. No credible evidence exists that Young wanted the massacre. In 1830, Young was contacted by Samuel H. Smith, a missionary in the recently established Latter Day Saint movement. Called to organize and lead the Mormon Raiders which consisted of 100 men. (1975) "Letters of Brigham Young to His Sons Dean C. Jessee," BYU Studies Quarterly: When Mormons turned up to vote on election day that year, a drunken brawl broke out that resulted in Mormons being blocked from accessing the polls. She, her husband Nate and their now 2-month-old son Luke fled their home in East Palestine the night of the train derailment to her mother's house about 14 to 15 miles away. Brigham Young Tyrone Power (Actor), Linda Darnell (Actor), Henry Hathaway (Director) Rated: Unrated Format: DVD 153 ratings IMDb 6.3/10.0 Amazon's Choice for "brigham young" $1297 Get Fast, Free Shipping with Amazon Prime FREE Returns DVD $12.97 VHS Tape $9.48 DVD July 15, 2003 1 $12.97 $8.75 $2.07 Finally, why has so much evidence been destroyed or purged from Mormon archives, and why has so much evidence been suppressed? However, Smith told as many as 10 versions of the story and many had serious contradictions. Instead I tried to tell the story as honestly and accurately as possible and let readers make up their own minds about who ordered the slaughter of more than 80 women and childrenand why. Smith sold Young a copy of the Book of Mormon and told him that it had been translated from ancient records by his brother Joseph Smith. Particularly telling is the testimony of those who did the killing at the Meadows. Brigham Young was an American leader in the Latter Day Saint movement. Copies of Youngs letter exist both in rough draft and final draft form. In this company, Young served as a captain of ten.[8]. What was the favorite type of mule used in the Old West? Throughout the revolution, His views on religious freedom read more, In 1950, L. Ron Hubbardthe founder of Scientologypublished his bestselling book Dianetics: The Modern Science of Mental Health. Though he originally conceived of Dianetics as a science of the mind, Hubbard later adapted his theories into a more religious approach, calling read more, The Inquisition was a powerful office set up within the Catholic Church to root out and punish heresy throughout Europe and the Americas. Haight then turned the gun on himself. According to a BYU Scholars article, His speaking talent, organizational and leadership ability, and political sagacity were given untiringly to the service of his church. College volleyball's opening weekend ended with a fan banned from Brigham Young University's athletic facilities and statements expressing regret from two universities and the governor of Utah. In regard to emigration trains passing through our settlements, we must not interfere with them until they are first notified to keep away. John G. Turner. Of course, anti-Young historians say otherwise. Letters of Brigham Young to His Sons Dean C. Jessee Stanford J. Layton Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/byusq Part of the Mormon Studies Commons, and the Religious Education Commons Recommended Citation Layton, Stanford J. The Mountain Meadows Massacre was a horrible atrocity, and the conduct of some Mormons involved in it was deplorable: strong words from the Tabernacle pulpit, Saints seeking vengeance because of their past persecution, Youngs risky Native American alliance, senseless acts by some local Mormon leaders, Utahs troubling episodes of extralegal violence and most awful, the terrible killing at Mountain Meadows. According to Mormon doctrines, prophets speak to God and communicate Gods will to Mormons. Even though Mormon scriptures had numerous rules governing polygamy that included requirements that the first wife approve of subsequent marriages and bans on one man marrying mothers, daughters, or sisters, the rules were completely disregarded. He went on to become a missionary in England. On. [9] In Utah Territory, Young worked as a printer, saddler and contractor.[10]. The events at Mountain Meadows do not suggest a conspiracy, and certainly none involving Young. Young denounced Justice Perry Brocchus as either profoundly ignorant or corruptly wicked soon after his arrival, and ultimately all three federal officers gave up hopes of effective cooperation and left the territory. If I shoot, they get shot. No. Despite a growing bitterness toward his former mentor, Lee refused. On Sept. 11, 1857, a Mormon militia in southern Utah . Learning how Eleanor McLean Pratt got to Salt Lake City convinced me Brigham Young did it. The 12th Mrs. Pratt had buried her polygamous husband Parley in Arkansas the previous May, and she was obsessed with exacting vengeance from his murderers. Recent studies, including my own, have found 55 well-documented marriages. At Four Corners, in the southeast, Utah meets Colorado, New Mexico and Arizona at right angles, the only such meeting of states in the country. Anonymous. Because of this and the expulsion from Missouri, the Mormons at the time felt very strong prejudice against people from those two states. setTimeout(function(){var t=document.createElement("script");t.setAttribute("src","https://sample.dragonforms.com/getEmbeddedClientScript.do?embeddedsite=TW_dispatch_nl"),t.setAttribute("type","text/javascript"),document.body.appendChild(t)},5); Become a subscriber today and youll recieve a new issue every month plus unlimited access to our full archive of backlogged issues. How many 5 letter words can you make from Cat in the Hat? Why did he threaten honest men who called for justice in the matter? Also in 1854, President Franklin Pierce attempted to replace Young as territory governor, but nominee Edward Steptoe declined, explaining that he could not perform his duties in the face of fanaticism in the mass of the people and a religious oligarchy., By 1857, with Youngs approval, the territorial assembly sent a blunt warning to incoming U.S. president James Buchanan. He announced that they were scrolls written by Abraham and, a year later, he said he translated the hieroglyphics by the power of God. The crisis of the Utah War demanded that he husband moral authority and public opinion. Young settled in Salt Lake City. Are there books about other independent women of the early West? According to the record, Alma the Younger was "a very wicked and an idolatrous man. This applied to countries as well as individuals. While this Indian council is important and requires extended scholarly discussion, this much can be said: No evidence suggests the councils focus was the Baker-Fancher party, much less its destruction. The facts are these: Young spoke out against revenge killings. It turns out that she was actually wife No. He and his men . 52 or thereabouts. With Congress repeatedly rejecting proposals for Utah statehood, Young firmly resisted the territorys involvement in the Civil War, especially after passage of the Morrill Anti-Bigamy Act in 1862, which effectively outlawed plural marriage in U.S. territories. Ann Eliza Webb, after she decided to divorce Young in 1873, published an expos entitled Wife No. he led the Mormon raiders to attack and burn supply wagons of the U.S. militia sent to kill the saints. (Right) John D. Lee. Even though Bennets claims were never directly supported by others, they were implicitly supported by William Law, the man who was Joseph Smiths right-hand man at the time. FactSnippet No. Justice for his peoples wrongs was heavens responsibility, not his, he said. His brother Joseph was baptized the next day and Brigham Young was baptized approximately one week later. How do you put shoes on a cloven-footed ox? It creates a sensation and sells books. Fears of Mormon aggression, as well as Mormons taking control of the county government, led to anti-Mormon sentiments among the residents of Gallatin, the seat of Daviess County. Every religion has less-than-savory moments hidden in its history. TAMPA, Fla. Acting as his own lawyer, a double-murder defendant opened his death penalty trial by shouting at jurors that he did not attack his girlfriend and disabled daughter. Young was not complicit in planning or executing the massacre. With no additional evidence, some historians have pointed to a Native American council held in Salt Lake City on September 1, 1857. TUCKER CARLSON: You always imagine in your mind's eye that it's evil men who destroy society: wild-eyed, spit-flecked dictators pounding the podium to demand the annihilation of their enemies. Appointed governor by President Millard Fillmore, Brigham Young was able to continue imposing his will on the territory politically as well as ecclesiastically. Here's the account in his own words: Brigham Young wasn't the only latter-day prophet to have such close experiences with death. Sharon Smith & Mike Leach Were Friends at Brigham Young University; Mike Used to Visit Her Apartment to Watch Television Sharon Smith and Mike Leach both attended Brigham Young University. Isaac Haight's stake high council opposed the attack, and sent a messenger to Salt . According to Mormon doctrines, prophets speak to God and communicate God's will to Mormons. The game in question was against Brigham Young University, as part of the Mountain West semifinals. Why? What are the answers to studies weekly week 26 social studies? Unfortunately, these actions and the menacing content of Sidney Rigdons July 4 speech led to Governor Lilburn Boggs signing an order to exterminate all Mormons in Missouri. What ever happened to Big Minnie of Tombstone? Because the historical past will always be opaque, historians must seek the weight of evidence, and in this case, the preponderance suggests Youngs innocence. How did the widow Pratt cross 1,500 dusty miles in a mere 21 days? Brigham Young later privately set apart three other sons and Joseph F. Smith as apostles who served as "assistant Counselors to the First Presidency." But Matt Easton, 24, political science valedictorian at Brigham Young University in Provo, Utah said the timing was right to tell 10,000 people he was gay. Experience in wood framing, excavation, roofing, painting, concrete, etc. Jamie founded Listverse due to an insatiable desire to share fascinating, obscure, and bizarre facts. When Mormons were living in Daviess County, Missouri, he delivered a fiery oration on Independence Day of 1838 in which he promised that the Missourians who Mormons felt were persecuting them (the sentiments had some justification although Mormons did their fair share of antagonizing as well) would need to stop any disputes with the Mormons or face a war of extermination. Several church leaders, including Young, were later charged under the law; Young was not convicted, but a case involving his secretary, George Reynolds, went all the way to the U.S. Supreme Court, which in 1879 unanimously decided that the law was constitutional and the First Amendment did not protect polygamy. He has been a guest speaker on numerous national radio and television stations and is a five time published author. Young undertook a careful study of the book and eventually passed it on to others in his family, including his brothers Brigham, Joseph and John. Nor did Pratts death stir blood lust. While looking at a Tombstone photo, I saw a sign that says mule and ox shoes to order. He trekked with Zions Camp in 1834, was driven with his ailing parents from Missouri in 1838, and in 1840, so ill he could barely walk, he left on a mission to England. During those trying times, he was ordained a Seventy inMarch 1835 at age 17 and as an apostle in the Quorum of the Twelve on April 26, 1839.