These studies were carried out at the Hisko (Gunpo, Korea). Table 1 shows some values of dextrans Mark-Houwink parameters, from literature consulted, where all data are based on the logarithmic plot of intrinsic viscosity [] and molecular weight Mw. FOIA The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. Sung-Wook Choi. The qM-H values given by equation 13, these vary from 0.9993 to 0.9841 for the range between 8.8 to 200kDa in a temperature range of 20 to 40C. Normally, the skin loses very little water loss whereas damaged skin loses more [22]. Bahary, W. S.; Hogan, M. P.; Jilani, M.; Aronson, M. P. (1995). Microneedles and their applications. Careers. Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Unperturbed dimensions and theta temperature of dextran in aqueous solutions. Epub 2017 Jun 1. The study of biopolymers as dextran in aqueous solution, is effectively determined by intrinsic viscosity [] measurements at different temperatures. Kirkland, J. J.; Dilks, C. H.; Rementer, S. W. (1992). The hydrodynamic radius of 2-NBDG glucose was too small to measure. Mark-Houwink values confirm that for these conditions dextrans behave as rigid spheres with a tendency at compaction as temperature increases. Dynamics of a Polymer Solution in a Rigid Matriz. The fact that the intrinsic viscosity of a given polymer sample is different according to the solvent used gives and insight about the general shape of polymer molecules in solution. Where f0 is the frictional coefficient of a sphere having the same hydrodynamic (hydrated or solvated) volume V as the particle. Lucifer yellow (LY) and FITC-labelled dextran stock solutions were prepared in Ringers-HEPES buffer (150 mM NaCl, 3.4 mM CaCl 2, 1.2 mM MgCl 2, 5.2 mM KCl, 0.5 mM NaHCO 3, 2.8 mM glucose, and 10 mM HEPES) and frozen at 20C. Mark-Houwink-Kuhn-Sakurada Exponent at the Condition. Figure3 shows a magnified image of human cadaver skin with microchannels formed by the microporation device (250kHz) and the skin closure over time. 2012;101(8):28619. ; Ortega, A.; Garcia de la Torre, J.; Harding, S.E. 2018 Jan;184(1):1-11. doi: 10.1007/s12010-017-2522-4. Analytical Chemistry. Challenges for the modern analytical ultracentrifuge analysis of polysaccharides. We will also conduct further studies on the regeneration of human cadaver skin and evaluate the possibilities of clinical trials. CAS Journal of Physical Chemistry. The term f/f0 is sometimes denoted as P, Perrin constant. Study of temperature influence. a Microscopy images of micropore and b quantified data using ImageJ after 0 (immediately), 4, 8, and 24h according to the number of times microproration was done (n=150, *: p<0.05). Thus, it is a common practice to express the frictional coefficient of rigid structures as. Pharmaceut Sci Tech. Webdextran fraction and the final product depend on changes in the hydrodynamic volume of the molecules after substitution. Molecular weight determination of polysaccharides. 2019;26(1):25261. ; Talsma, H.; Hennink, W.E. Carbohydrate Polymers, 39, 377-380. Recent Pat Drug Deliv Formul. These studies were again focused on investigating the hydrodynamic properties of the polymer molecules, their hydrodynamic radius in relation to their radius of gyration and the coherence of the simulation results with polymer theory. Molecular weight (M v) and hydrodynamic properties can be calculated from there. The skins were from the abdomen of a 39-year-old caucasian woman (BMI: 24). Experimental Review on Intrinsic Viscosity Measurements and Temperature Effect. This site needs JavaScript to work properly. Drug Deliv. B 113, 8020-8025. ; Ross-Murphy, S.B. The molecular weight of dextran samples can be obtained by a variety of methods including light scattering, HPLC/SEC, sedimentation, osmometry and end-group analysis. Theory, Estimation, Experiment, and Data. In vivo iontophoretic delivery of salmon calcitonin across microporated skin. Strategies to improve the potential of transdermal devices by enhancing the skin permeation of therapeutic entities. GPC Symp. The optical image and histological analysis confirmed that the micropores on the skin were recovered over time. Although we didnt conduct assay for inflammation, we could not find any inflammation symptoms such as redness, blisters, cracked, and thickening. Formation of dextran hydrogels by crystallization. Figure4 shows the histological analysis of micropores in human cadaver skin. ; van Nostrum, C.F. For a rigid or rod like polymer molecule that is greatly extended in solution, the Mark-Houwink a constant approaches to a value of 2.0 [48].The hydrodynamic radius (RH), for a sphere ((a/b) = 2.5) is given by the Einstein relation [49]. (2013). Changes in the Mark-Houwink hydrodynamic volume of chitosan molecules in solutions of different organic acids, at different temperatures and ionic strengths. Garcia de la Torre, J.; Carrasco, B. It has been found that, when applied to water treatment, it can effectively act on refractory organic matter in wastewater through thermal decomposition and water molecular action to produce free ; Rjumtsev, E.I. Macromolecules. It is a measure of the width of molecular weight distributions (MWD) as well as probability of molecular weight distribution curve (GPC). ; Yevlampieva N.P. where c is the solute concentration (g/cm3), [] is the intrinsic viscosity (cm3/g), and kH represents Huggins constants (cm3/g). WebHydrodyamic Radius, R H: In addition to the analytic size of a linear (C=1) chain, the end to end distance, R eted or R 0, and the structural size, the radius or gyration, R g, dynamic measurements yield a size called the hydrodynamic radius, R H. Consider a rod particle of length L=10R where R is the radius. (1999). Journal of Physical Chemistry, 58(11), 953-957. Unable to load your collection due to an error, Unable to load your delegates due to an error. Gekko, K. (1971). In contrast to linear chains, power law behavior is observed only asymptotically at large Mv. Rotureau, E.; Dellacherie, E.; Durand, A. The Solomon-Ciuta single-point method is used for calculating dextran intrinsic viscosity and the error relative is calculated, and %RE respect to Huggins method is >4.18% for 2000kDa, and >2.06% for 8.8kDa (Table 2). 2003;89(2):31120. 2013;3(5):3588605. Progress in Measurement, Interpretation and Application to Structure in Dilute Solution. Synthesis and characterization of blue dextrans. Solvent effects on polysaccharide conformation. Disclaimer. Pavlov, G.M. Dextran is soluble in water, methyl sulphoxide, formamide, ethylene glycol, glycerol, 4-methylmorpholine-4-oxide, and hexamethyl phosphamide [4]. Trop J Pharm Res. At the same temperature, the hydrodynamic radius and the intrinsic viscosity are higher for different molecular weights, while these properties decrease with an increase of temperature at the same molecular weight (Figure 1). The authors declare that they have no competing interests. Kloster, C.; Bica, C.; Lartigue, C.; Rochas, C.; Samios, D.; Geissler E. (1998). WebDextran displays excellent biocompatibility and have been used clinically for over 50 years. Although, in literature there is much information on hydrodynamic measurements from determinations viscosity; very few of them evaluate the situation at different temperatures. Intrinsic viscosity of bovine serum albumin conformers. Fixable: Fixable via Lysine. Carbohydrate Polymers, 68, 477-488. 2023 BioMed Central Ltd unless otherwise stated. This conjecture found to be correct. The mechanism of the dextran-induced red blood cell Aggregation. The Principle of the Suspended Level: Applications to the Measurement of Viscosity and Other Properties of Liquids. All possible degrees of curling can be displayed by any molecule, but there will be an average configuration which will depend on the solvent. The most widely used method for the characterization of macromolecules is the capillary viscometry, as it is a simple and economic method. GYA primarily conducted research. ; Tsuchiya, H.M.; Rist, C.E. Qi P, Caoa M, Songa L, Chena C, Liua M, Li N, Wua D, Penga J, Hub G, Zhao J. WebFluorescein isothiocyanatedextran average mol wt 60,000-76,000; CAS Number: 60842-46-8; Synonyms: FITCDextran; find Sigma-Aldrich-FD70S MSDS, related peer-reviewed papers, technical documents, similar products & more at Sigma-Aldrich Castellanos Gil, E. E.; Iraizoz Colarte, A.; El Ghzaoui, A.; Durand, D.; Delarbre, J.L. Differences were considered statistically significant at p <0.05. Carbohydrate Polymers 95 360-365. The molecular mass of dextran as determined by the gel filtration and copper bicinchoninate method was approximately, 800 kDa. Treatment of acne scars by fractional bipolar radiofrequency energy. NCI CPTC Antibody Characterization Program. Synthesis of dextran by dextransucrase treated, sucrose-supplemented skimmed milk revealed the promising potential of dextran as a food additive. Dilute solution properties and degree of chain branching for dextran. WebDextran 670 GPC Standard Normative Mw - 670000 Da GPC standards can be used for calibration and molecular weight determination. Bohdanecky, Miloslav (1996). Ortega, A.; Garca de la Torre, J. Kasaai, Mohammad R. (2012). The explanation for the anomalous values of a and kM-H is because the mixture solute-solvent is highly compatible due a great compaction of biopolymer, from undisturbed state in the absence of interactions, where free energy of mixing less than zero, and emphasize the nature non-linear or hyperbranched of dextran for Mw high to 200kDa. 2012;9(2):14754. Bose, A.; Rollings, J. E.; Caruthers, J. M.; Okos, M. R.; Tsao, T. G. (1982). Porcine wound models for skin substitution and burn treatment. The relative browning for dextran from W. cibaria JAG8 was similar to commercial prebiotic Nutraflora P-95 and 3-fold lower than Raftilose P-95. Food Sci Biotechnol. Surface morphology study of dextran by scanning electron microscopy showed the porous web like structure. The importance of this type of study lies in the analysis of the polysaccharide behavior at industrial processes, the requirements to reduce energy, avoid flow problems and product quality control. J Pharm Sci. Polymer molecular weight distribution. The flattening of the curves at higher molecular weight is in agreement with an increased branching density. Dulbeccos Phosphate-Buffered Saline (DPBS) was purchased from Welgene (Gyeongsan, Korea). Dynamic light scattering study confirmed the mono-disperse nature of dextran with hydrodynamic radius of 900 nm. Increased epidermal laser fluence through simultaneous ultrasonic microporation. The dextran has the advantage in terms of low cytotoxicity, excellent biocompatibility, and water-solubility. 2013 May;64(3):346-54. doi: 10.3109/09637486.2012.734289. At 25C both values of a and kM-H are within the range reported by [3, 8, 16]. J Cosmet Laser Ther. The Viscosity of Dilute Solutions of Long-Chain Molecules. Here we have the hydrodynamic radius estimate for the 3kDa dextran and 1.5 kDa dextran by the Zetasizer calculator, thanks to Alan. Alan F Rawle, t Search Journal of Controlled Release, 119, 5-24. These results are in agreement with a previous study which suggested that the microporation using radiofrequency causes disruption of the SC, enabling the percutaneous permeation of the FITC-dextran [21]. Using the polymer standards, a plot of the ln [] vs ln Mw usually gives a straight line. Department of Biomedical-Chemical Engineering, The Catholic University of Korea, 43 Jibong-ro Wonmi-gu, Bucheon-si, Gyeonggi-do, 14662, Republic of Korea, LG electronics, 19 Yangjae-daero 11-gil, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 06772, Republic of Korea, You can also search for this author in Carbohydrate Polymers, 78, 902-907. In the range of working temperatures and molecular weights of dextrans, similar intrinsic viscosity results obtained by other researchers and published here are slight, as shown in tables 1 and 3. WebAccording to the above theoretical analysis for the micro-roughness contact model, the relationship between the hydrodynamic pressure (HP) and the contact pressure (CP) is shown in Fig. Nair SS. ; De Jong, S.J. Format), Citation-(EndNote Viscosity, sedimentation, and light-scattering properties of fraction of an acidhydrolyzed dextran. Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. Progress in Polymer Science, 30, 38-70. The M-H equation is empirical and valid for monodisperse polymers, and it is applied to biomacromolecules (complex, hyperbranched, crosslink), taking the precaution of comparing the value of Mv with the polydispersity index (qM-H). Biomater Res 24, 22 (2020). Sci. Analyzing the values of the hydrodynamic properties of dextran in aqueous solution, it can be seen in Table 7, that all vary with the temperature. The Mark-Houwink. In this work, hydrodynamic properties are investigated in different dextran aqueous solutions with different molecular weights (8.8-2000kDa), in a temperature range from 20C to 50C. The Transdermal diffusion cell system (DHC-6TD, LOGAN instrument, USA) was used to assess FITC-dextran permeability in vitro. Citation-(RIS Figure5 shows the cumulative amount of the FITC-dextran (M.W. Mitragotri S. Mechanical disruption of skin barrier for vaccine delivery. Experimental Review on Intrinsic Viscosity Measurements and Temperature Effect.". Format). 2. Before DOI: 10.12691/jpbpc-1-1-3, Received September 18, 2013; Revised October 23, 2013; Accepted November 22, 2013. Table 2 shows that comparing the intrinsic viscosity data obtained from the Huggins method and the Solomon-Ciuta single-point method, a similar values are obtained and the %RE is lower for low Mw and it increases for higher Mw. In order to confirm the molecular weight the gel permeation chromatography (GPC) for standard dextrans is used in a range of molecular weights from 8.8 to 2000kDa and these correspond to the following equation. Journal Non-Newtonian Fluid Mech., 97, 295-301. official website and that any information you provide is encrypted Masuelli, M. A. Hi Sir Alexander Malm , Thank you very much! Really appreciate your help! Solutions of dextrans and blue dextrans (0.21.0 g/L) were prepared in 0.200 M NaCl (aq).